1. THE WORDS ACCORDING TO YOUR ACCENT
The words, in Spanish, have a syllable called tonic, which is the one that, when pronounced, sounds the loudest. The others are called atonic syllables, because their voice intensity is lower than the tonic. Sometimes the vowel of the tonic syllable is marked by an orthographic sign placed on top of it (‘). This sign is called a tilde or graphic accent. According to their tonic syllable, the words, in Spanish, can be classified as a dificult lenguage, but we can use webapps like tilde facil! for understand a little better the rules.
ACUTE:
They are those words whose voice hit the last syllable.
drawer, split, lectern, sofa
TROWEL OR BASS:
These are words of more than one syllable. The voice hit falls on the penultimate syllable.
tree, shirt, chair, pencil
AND OVER-SPINNERS:
It’s those words of more than two syllables. The voice hit falls on the antepenultimate syllable (esdrújulas) or before the antepenultimate syllable (sobreesdrújula).
Pitcher, bird, intimate, candid, change
pitcher, bird, intimate, candid, change it
GENERAL RULES OF GRAPHIC ACCENTATION (Use of the tilde)
They have a spelling accent (or tilde [‘])
1st Rule:
Sharp words ending in vowels (a,e,i,o,u) and consonants -n and -s shall be marked.
Aniseed – dad – drawer – frying pan – dummy – come.
2nd Rule:
The words Ilanas ending in a consonant shall be marked with a tilde, which is neither -n, nor -s.
Useful – pencil – album – fortress.
3rd Rule:
All words shall be marked with a tilde and overtones.
Candide – mandrel – tell them – celebrate.
3. PARTICULAR RULES OF GRAPHIC ACCENTUATION
THE DIACRITICAL MARK
There are words that, according to the general rules of graphic accentuation, should not have a tilde. However, some words admit what is called the diacritical tilde, whose function is to avoid confusion in the written language between two words that are written in the same way.
The (article)
The sun shines He (personal pronoun)
He can play the flute
From (preposition)
Get out of here. Dé (verb to give)
I want you to give me this.
Se (pronoun)
It’s over. I know (verb to know and verb to be)
Be yourself; I know you will.
You – me (possessive determinants)
Your father is there.
My toy is broken You – me (personal pronouns)
You must not go there.
That’s for me.
Yes (conditional)
If it doesn’t rain, I’ll go
Yes (statement and pronoun)
I think I will.
He took it for himself.
More (conjunction)
I called him, but he didn’t answer. More (adverb)
I don’t want any more.
Te (pronoun)
I’ll send you more work. Tea (noun – infusion)
Drink that tea now.
ACCENTUATION OF DIPHTHONGS AND TRIPHTHONGS
Diphthongs and triphthongs will be marked when they follow the general rule of accentuation. The accent shall be placed on the open vowel of the diphthong or triphthong.
Meeting – except – bring it to me – you make.
ACCENTUATION OF HIATUSES
When the hiatus is the result of the destruction of a diphthong, that is, when there are two vowels together belonging to different syllables, and one of them is an -i or a -u, the tilde will be placed over the i or the u, even though it does not follow the general rule.
They went up – we heard – included – root
ACCENTUATION OF THE EXCLAMATIVES AND INTERROGATIVES
The words that, who, when, how much, where and how will be used as long as they are used as exclamatives and as interrogatives.
How do you know all that? Who told you? What a fun vacation! How many bottles are left?
ACCENTUATION OF COMPOUND WORDS
Compound words follow the general rules of graphic accentuation, as if it were a simple word.
seventeenth – centipede.
Excepted from this rule are adverbs in -mindedly, as agile, politely, WHICH DO MAINTAIN THE GRAPHIC ACCENT of the primitive word. When the composition of the word is by means of a hyphen, the two simple words will, if they are carried as simple, retain their tilde.
Physical-Chemical – Spanish-French
Note: Until now, when we joined the verbs with personal pronouns in atonement, if the verb had a tilde, it remained. Well, now this has been changed, and the verbs will always follow the general rules of accentuation: acerccó – acercarse. (Without a tilde because it is llana ending in a vowel)
If the verb has no tilde, when we join the personal pronouns, it follows the general rule of accentuation as if it were a simple word.
say – tell him; give – give – me; count – tell him.
CHECK THE CAPITAL LETTERS
The check mark must be placed in the capital letters when it is appropriate as a general rule.
Álvaro – Ávila – Álava